《银河护卫队：故事版》今日发售 现已放出第一
| Helene Caroline Therese | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hereditary Princess of Thurn and Taxis | |||||
 Photograph by Oscar Kramer | |||||
| Born | 4 April 1834 Munich, Kingdom of Bavaria | ||||
| Died | 16 May 1890 (aged 56) Regensburg, Kingdom of Bavaria | ||||
| Burial | Gruftkapelle, Saint Emmeram's Abbey, Regensburg | ||||
| Spouse | |||||
| Issue Detail | |||||
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| House | Wittelsbach | ||||
| Father | Duke Maximilian Joseph in Bavaria | ||||
| Mother | Princess Ludovika of Bavaria | ||||
Duchess Helene in Bavaria (Helene Caroline Therese; 4 April 1834 – 16 May 1890), nicknamed Néné, was the Hereditary Princess of Thurn and Taxis as the wife of Maximilian Anton Lamoral. She was a Duchess in Bavaria by birth as the daughter of Duke Maximilian Joseph and Princess Ludovika. She was temporarily the head of the Thurn and Taxis family.
In 1858, Helene married Maximilian Anton, Hereditary Prince of Thurn and Taxis. After nearly nine years of marriage, Maximillian died due to a chronic kidney disease, leaving the Thurn and Taxis throne in the hands of Helene until their son reached maturity.
Early life (1834–1858)
[edit]Childhood
[edit]Helene Caroline Therese was the third[a] child and eldest daughter of Duke Maximilian Joseph in Bavaria and Princess Ludovika of Bavaria. Princess Ludovika had been pregnant with twins, but lost one of the fetuses during a trip to Bayreuth. Helene was born on 4 April 1834 in the Herzog Max Palais in Munich and was christened Caroline Therese Helene.[1]
As a child, Helene and her siblings enjoyed a more carefree and informal upbringing than what was customary for royal children at the time.[2] Their family home during winter was Herzog-Max-Palais in Munich and Possenhofen Castle on Lake Starnberg during summer.[2]
Helene was not considered a pretty child. One of her aunts, Elisabeth Ludovika of Bavaria, described the then seven-year-old as "cross-eyed and unhappily ugly" after a visit to Possenhofen Castle.[1] Another aunt, Princess Sophie of Bavaria, remarked after a meeting in Innsbruck in June 1848 that "poor Helene [...] was not pretty".[1]
Helene was known in her family for her difficult character. Her niece Duchess Amalie in Bavaria recorded in her memoirs that Helene had "made life sour" in her girlhood.[3]
Marriage prospects
[edit]In 1853 Helene traveled with her mother, Ludovika, and her younger sister Elisabeth to Bad Ischl, Upper Austria for the birthday of her cousin, Franz Joseph I, then the Emperor of Austria. During this visit, Franz Joseph asked for Elisabeth's hand in marriage.[1] Historical accounts often contain the assertion that according to a plan by the two mothers, Franz Joseph was to be engaged to Helene instead. However, recent source investigations have shown that there is no written evidence to support this claim. Neither in the correspondence of Archduchess Sophie[4] nor in the surviving correspondence of Duchess Ludovika[1] are there indications of a planned engagement in Bad Ischl.
By 22 years old, Helene was not yet married, and Ludovika became concerned that her incredibly pious daughter would take the veil and join a convent. Therefore, Ludovika arranged for her to meet the wealthy Maximilian Anton, Hereditary Prince of Thurn and Taxis.[5] Duke Maximillian Joseph, Helene's father, invited the Thurn and Taxis family to Possenhofen for a hunting party, at which Prince Maximilian was introduced to Helene.
While the prince was vacationing at Possenhofen, he brought his marriage plans to his parents, who immediately agreed. The only difficulty involved was that, although the Thurn and Taxis family were counted among the richest in the land, they were not considered social equals for a princess of royal blood and a member of the House of Wittelsbach. Because of this, King Maximilian II of Bavaria, who was a cousin of Helene, did not at first agree to a marriage between the two, but through Elisabeth's influence on the king, the marriage took place nevertheless.[5]
Marriage and later life (1858–1890)
[edit]
The wedding ceremony was held on 24 August 1858 at Possenhofen Castle. To mark the occasion, the in-laws gave the bride a necklace worth 160,000 Gulden.[citation needed] In spite of the earlier objections to the match, Helene is considered to have had the only happy marriage among the five Wittelsbach sisters.[citation needed]
The first child, a daughter, who they named Louisa, was born in 1859, followed by a second daughter, Elisabeth, in 1860.[citation needed] Shortly after the birth of her second child she traveled to Corfu to visit her sister Elisabeth, who was very ill. She returned by way of Vienna, where she reported to Franz Joseph on the poor state of his wife.[5]
Helene gave birth to the much-desired son in 1862, Maximilian Maria, 7th Prince of Thurn and Taxis, and in 1867 she gave birth to another son, Albert, 8th Prince of Thurn and Taxis.[citation needed]
Even though Helene and Maximilian Anton had a happy marriage, this became overshadowed by his severe chronic kidney disease. Neither a course of treatment in Karlsbad nor the best doctors could save him. He died in 1867 at only 35 years of age.[citation needed]
Helene took her mind off her sorrows with charitable activities, and received the guardianship of her children from the Emperor of Austria. Her father-in-law began to include her in the business affairs of the House of Thurn and Taxis, seeing in her a support and successor.[citation needed] In this way she became the head of the family until her oldest son reached his majority.
In 1883, her son Maximilian took over the leadership of the family business, but he soon fell ill. His heart had been weakened by scarlet fever in childhood, and he suffered from severe heart spasms. In 1885, he died of a pulmonary embolism. This left Helene the family head again until 1888 when her son Albert reached his majority and took over the family businesses. Helene then retired[5] and dedicated herself to her religious devotions.
Death
[edit]On 16 May 1890, at the age of 56, Helene died of stomach cancer.[citation needed]
Children
[edit]| Children | Birth | Death | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Louise | 1 June 1859 | 20 June 1948 | Married Prince Frederick of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen in 1879. No issue. |
| Elisabeth | 28 May 1860 | 1 February 1881 | Married Prince Miguel, Duke of Braganza in 1877. Had issue. |
| Maximillian Maria | 24 June 1862 | 2 June 1885 | Became Head of the Princely House of Thurn and Taxis. Never married, nor had issue. |
| Albert | 8 May 1867 | 22 January 1952 | Married Archduchess Margarethe Klementine of Austria in 1890. Had issue. |
Honors
[edit]| Styles of Helene, Hereditary Princess of Thurn and Taxis | |
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| Reference style | Her Royal Highness |
| Spoken style | Your Royal Highness |
Spain: Dame of the Order of Queen Maria Luisa
Ancestry
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Notes
[edit]- ^ Helene was the second child to survive to adulthood. Her older brother, Wilhelm Karl, died in infancy, henceforth, Helene’s younger sister, Elisabeth, is deemed as the third.
References
[edit]Citations
[edit]- ^ a b c d e Sepp, Christian (2019). Ludovika: Sisis Mutter Und Ihr Jahrhundert. Dreesbach, August Verlag. ISBN 978-3944334875.
- ^ a b "Elisabeth's Childhood". Die Welt der Habsburger. Retrieved 25 October 2022.
- ^ von Urach, Amelie (2021). Sepp, Christian (ed.). Erinnerungen an Gro?mama: Aufzeichnungen der Amelie von Urach über Herzogin Ludovika in Bayern. Eine kritische Quellenedition. Allitera Verlag. ISBN 9783962332662.
- ^ Praschl-Bichler, Gabriele (2008). Unsere liebe Sisi: Die Wahrheit über Erzherzogin Sophie und Kaiserin Elisabeth. Aus bislang unver?ffentlichten Briefen. Amalthea Signum. ISBN 9783850026376.
- ^ a b c d "Duchess Helene in Bavaria 1834-1890". sisi-in-england.com. Retrieved 25 October 2022.
Bibliography
[edit]- Bestenreiner, Erika (2003). Sisi und ihre Geschwister [Sisi and her siblings] (in German) (2nd ed.). Munich: Piper. ISBN 3-492-24006-2.
- Conte Corti: Elisabeth. Die seltsame Frau, 1934. ISBN 3-222-10897-8
- Gr??ing, Sigrid-Maria (1999). Zwei Br?ute für einen Kaiser. Sisi und ihre Schwester Nené [Two brides for one emperor. Sisi and her sister Nené] (in German). Regensburg. ISBN 3-931904-61-X.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - Gr??ing, Sigrid-Maria (2005). Sisi und ihre Familie [Sisi and her family] (in German). Vienna. ISBN 3-8000-3857-9.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - Graf, Bernhard (2017). Sisis Geschwister [Sisi's siblings] (in German). Munich: Allitera. ISBN 978-3-86906-977-7.
- Brigitte Hamann: Kaiserin wider Willen, 1981. ISBN 3-492-22990-5
- von Witzleben, Hermann; von Vignau, Ilka (1976). Die Herz?ge in Bayern. Von der Pfalz zum Tegernsee [The dukes in Bavaria. From the Palatinate to Tegernsee] (in German). Munich. ISBN 3-7913-0394-5.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
External links
[edit]
Media related to Duchess Helene in Bavaria at Wikimedia Commons
- Thurn-Taxis.com - Helene in Bavaria, a key person in the long history of the Thurn & Taxis Postal family
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